Chemical and physical characteristics of phosphate rock materials of varying reactivity
Identifieur interne : 001701 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001700; suivant : 001702Chemical and physical characteristics of phosphate rock materials of varying reactivity
Auteurs : J. Keith Syers [Nouvelle-Zélande, Royaume-Uni] ; Alec D. Mackay [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Michael W. Brown [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Lance D. Currie [Nouvelle-Zélande]Source :
- Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture [ 0022-5142 ] ; 1986-11.
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Abstract
Several chemical and physical properties of 10 phosphate rock (PR) materials of varying reactivity were evaluated. These included North Carolina phosphate rock (NCPR), Sechura phosphate rock (SPR), Chatham Rise phosphorite (CRP), Arad phosphate rock (APR), Gafsa phosphate rock (GPR), North Florida phosphate rock (NFPR), Jordanian phosphate rock (JPR), Mexican phosphate rock (MPR), Nauru Island phosphate rock (NIPR), and Makatea Island phosphate rock (MIPR). Concentrations of As and Cd were highest in NCPR and U was higher in APR and CRP than in the other reactive PR materials. Because Cd and U can accumulate in biological systems, it may be necessary to direct more attention towards the likely implications of Cd and U concentrations when evaluating a PR for direct application. Three sequential extractions with 2% citric acid may be more useful for comparing the chemical solubility of PR materials, particularly for those containing appreciable CaCO3. For each particle‐size fraction from <63 to >500 μm, SPR was more soluble in 2% citric acid than was NCPR. The higher solubility of SPR than NCPR in 2% citric acid, 2% formic acid, and neutral ammonium citrate possibly results from a higher chemical reactivity rather than from any difference in the surface area presented for dissolution. The poor relationship obtained between surface area and the solubility of the PR materials in the three chemical extractants suggests that surface area plays a secondary role to chemical reactivity in controlling the solubility of a PR in a chemical extractant. A Promesh plot provided an effective method for describing the particle‐size characteristics of those PR materials which occurred as sands. Fundamental characteristics, such as mean particle size and uniformity, can readily be determined from a Promesh plot.
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DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2740371102
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Keith" last="Syers">J. Keith Syers</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Fertilizer and Lime Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Palmerston North</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><region type="country">Angleterre</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Current Address: Department of Soil Science, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mackay, Alec D" sort="Mackay, Alec D" uniqKey="Mackay A" first="Alec D." last="Mackay">Alec D. 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Food Agric.</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-5142</idno><idno type="eISSN">1097-0010</idno><imprint><publisher>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>London</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1986-11">1986-11</date><biblScope unit="volume">37</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1057">1057</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1064">1064</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0022-5142</idno></series><idno type="istex">9B47565A28AC9D782F2304B4399099DF528D6683</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/jsfa.2740371102</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JSFA2740371102</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0022-5142</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Promesh plot</term><term>Solubility in extractants</term><term>particle size</term><term>phosphate rock</term><term>sequential extraction</term><term>surface area</term><term>trace elements</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Several chemical and physical properties of 10 phosphate rock (PR) materials of varying reactivity were evaluated. These included North Carolina phosphate rock (NCPR), Sechura phosphate rock (SPR), Chatham Rise phosphorite (CRP), Arad phosphate rock (APR), Gafsa phosphate rock (GPR), North Florida phosphate rock (NFPR), Jordanian phosphate rock (JPR), Mexican phosphate rock (MPR), Nauru Island phosphate rock (NIPR), and Makatea Island phosphate rock (MIPR). Concentrations of As and Cd were highest in NCPR and U was higher in APR and CRP than in the other reactive PR materials. Because Cd and U can accumulate in biological systems, it may be necessary to direct more attention towards the likely implications of Cd and U concentrations when evaluating a PR for direct application. Three sequential extractions with 2% citric acid may be more useful for comparing the chemical solubility of PR materials, particularly for those containing appreciable CaCO3. For each particle‐size fraction from <63 to >500 μm, SPR was more soluble in 2% citric acid than was NCPR. The higher solubility of SPR than NCPR in 2% citric acid, 2% formic acid, and neutral ammonium citrate possibly results from a higher chemical reactivity rather than from any difference in the surface area presented for dissolution. The poor relationship obtained between surface area and the solubility of the PR materials in the three chemical extractants suggests that surface area plays a secondary role to chemical reactivity in controlling the solubility of a PR in a chemical extractant. A Promesh plot provided an effective method for describing the particle‐size characteristics of those PR materials which occurred as sands. Fundamental characteristics, such as mean particle size and uniformity, can readily be determined from a Promesh plot.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Nouvelle-Zélande</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li></region></list><tree><country name="Nouvelle-Zélande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Syers, J Keith" sort="Syers, J Keith" uniqKey="Syers J" first="J. Keith" last="Syers">J. Keith Syers</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Brown, Michael W" sort="Brown, Michael W" uniqKey="Brown M" first="Michael W." last="Brown">Michael W. Brown</name><name sortKey="Currie, Lance D" sort="Currie, Lance D" uniqKey="Currie L" first="Lance D." last="Currie">Lance D. Currie</name><name sortKey="Mackay, Alec D" sort="Mackay, Alec D" uniqKey="Mackay A" first="Alec D." last="Mackay">Alec D. Mackay</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Syers, J Keith" sort="Syers, J Keith" uniqKey="Syers J" first="J. Keith" last="Syers">J. Keith Syers</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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